Why is a network router better than a hub?

Introduction

Network devices play a crucial role when it comes to the transfer of data over a network. These devices allow the transfer of data in a fast, secure, and efficient manner, and they can be inter-network or intra-network. Some network devices are installed on a computer, while others are a part of the network – a hub and a network router are two such devices.

As is the case with any networking device, a network router and a hub must also be chosen after completing the due diligence.

Difference between a hub and a router

The terms “hub” and “network router” are often used interchangeably, and it is unsurprising as both these devices look similar and transfer data through ports. However, they differ in the way they function.

Hub

Hubs essentially link all the devices that are connected to them to form a single network. This makes the hub act as a common point of contact – this means that every single piece of information, or data, passed through the hub can be accessed by all the devices that are connected to it. A hub is known as a non-intelligent device because it just transports data packets from one place to another, and is therefore used to internally connect systems that are on the same network.

Network Router

Network routers are used to directly connect at least two networks to each other. The router receives the data packets and determines the best path to transfer the packet. Data can be transferred over any kind of network through a router. A network router is an intelligent device because it reads IP addresses and can communicate with other routers to find out the shortest and easiest path to send any data. It connects LANs (Local Area Networks) to WANs (Wide Area Networks).

Why is a network router better?

Hubs and routers can both perform basic data transfer functions. Network routers, however, have an edge over hubs as they are more advanced and have the capacity to integrate with modems and firewalls for additional operations. Here are some of the ways in which a network router is better than a hub –

  • Higher connectivity – While network routers are expensive and have complex installation and maintenance procedures, they offer more connectivity than hubs. Since a router has a domain, the process of sending and receiving data becomes more streamlined and the data can be transferred without any disturbance. This smooth and selective transfer ensures higher connectivity than hubs.
  • Supports large networks – Since hubs share data with all devices that are linked to the network, they cannot support large networks. However, routers can. Network routers share a single network connection among different machines. Using this characteristic, multiple users can be connected to a router.
  • Reliable – When a data packet is received, the router checks its IP address and determines whether the packet is meant for its network or not. If it is not, the router sends the data to another network. Hubs, however, cannot perform this function. They will only route the packages from one device to another while making the data accessible to every connected device.
  • Security and adaptability – Network routers also act as backups in case of failure in any of the external network components. In such a case, the router makes use of alternative paths and manages the data traffic efficiently. It is not necessary to use a router or a hub for internet connections, but network routers provide extra security. They act as intermediaries between two networks and minimize threats to some extent.

Conclusion

While both hub and router can be used for certain purposes, especially in home networks, network routers have a clear advantage as they are intelligent devices.

Eliminating the cost factor, network routers are far more efficient than hubs and must be chosen for the safe and secure transfer of data over a network.

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